Citation Guides
APA 7 · MLA 9 · IEEE
APA 7 Citation Guides
8 guidesHow to Cite a Website in APA 7th Edition (With Examples)
To cite a specific webpage in APA 7th edition, record who wrote the page, when that content was published or meaningfully updated, the page title, the website name when needed, and the…
APA 7How to Cite ChatGPT in APA 7th Edition (2026 Guide)
To cite ChatGPT in APA 7th edition, first decide whether your paper needs to reference a particular conversation or ChatGPT as a tool. This matters because the American Psychological…
APA 7How to Cite a YouTube Video in APA 7th Edition
To cite a YouTube video in APA 7th edition, use the name of the account that uploaded it, the date it was published on YouTube, the video title in italics, [Video], the word YouTube,…
APA 7How to Cite a PDF in APA 7th Edition With or Without an Author
To cite a PDF in APA 7th edition, first determine what kind of document the file contains. A PDF could be a research article, an organizational report, a government publication, a book,…
APA 7What Does Et Al. Mean in APA 7th Edition Citations?
Et al. means “and others.” It comes from Latin and is used to shorten a citation when a source has multiple authors. In APA 7th edition, you normally write the first author's surname…
APA 7APA 7 Reference Page Format With Hanging Indent Examples
An APA 7 reference page starts on a new page at the end of the main text. It has References centered and bold at the top, entries arranged alphabetically, and double-spaced text. Every…
APA 7APA 7 In-Text Citations With Multiple Authors: 2, 3, or More
APA 7th edition in-text citations change according to the number of authors. For a source with two authors, write both surnames every time: (Garcia & Kim, 2024). For three or more…
APA 7APA 7 Journal Article Citation With DOI: Format and Examples
To cite a journal article with a DOI in APA 7th edition, list the authors, publication year, article title, journal name, volume, issue, page range or article number, and a DOI link…
MLA 9 Citation Guides
4 guidesHow to Format an MLA Header in Google Docs Step by Step
To make an MLA header in Google Docs, put your last name and an automatic page number in the upper-right document header, and enter your name, instructor, course, and date on separate…
MLA 9How to Do MLA In-Text Citations for Websites Without Page Numbers
If a website has no page numbers, an MLA 9 in-text citation usually includes only the author's surname: (Rivera). If the webpage has no identifiable author, use its title or a shortened…
MLA 9MLA 9 Works Cited Page Format With Hanging Indent Examples
An MLA 9 Works Cited page begins on a new page at the end of your essay. Put the words Works Cited centered at the top without bold or italics, then list the cited sources in…
MLA 9MLA In-Text Citation for Two or Three Authors With Examples
In MLA 9th edition, a work with two authors uses both surnames joined by and: (Garcia and Lee 42). A work with three or more authors normally uses the first surname followed by et al.:…
IEEE Citation Guides
3 guidesHow to Cite a Website in IEEE Format With Examples
To cite a website in IEEE format, insert a number in square brackets where you use the webpage in your writing, then give the corresponding full entry in your numbered reference list.…
IEEEIEEE Journal Article Citation Format With DOI and Examples
An IEEE journal article citation uses a number in square brackets in the text—such as [1]—and a matching numbered entry in the reference list. The entry usually contains the authors'…
IEEEIEEE In-Text Citation Numbers and Reference Order Explained
IEEE in-text citations use numbers in square brackets, such as [1], [2] and [3], to identify sources. Assign the numbers in the order each different source first appears in your paper.…